Realloc Sectors - Talk me off the ledge

[scottrus71]

Almost 4 year old drive with 1 Realloc Sector / Event count. Not sure when that happened. The drive is part of a RAID Z2 VDEV. Things going through my head that I know are wrong...

1. I can let this drive go longer, right? The errors are not that bad.
2. I wonder how long it will go like this? I bet I can get another year of life!
3. There is no advantage to preemptively replacing it early.
4. RAID Z2 is good and will protect my data.
5. I dedicated 20TB of parity for this reason, it would be a shame to waste that effort if I don't let this drive fail naturally.

 

[danb35]

I can let this drive go longer, right? The errors are not that bad.

I'd say so. IMO, a single reallocated sector--or other numbers in the single digits, so long as they aren't rapidly increasing--isn't cause for immediate drive replacement without other known issues. I assume you're also running regular long SMART tests, and those are passing as well? If that's the case, I wouldn't be too worried.

I dedicated 20TB of parity for this reason, it would be a shame to waste that effort if I don't let this drive fail naturally.

...but I wouldn't be comfortable taking it this far. If pending/offline/reallocated sectors start rising rapidly, I'd be replacing it. If it starts failing SMART self-tests, I'd be replacing it. I wouldn't wait for a hard failure if I had clear warning signs in advance, particularly if I didn't have a burned-in cold spare on the shelf ready to swap in. Keep in mind that to get and test a suitable replacement drive could easily take a week or more, and during that time your pool's redundancy is degraded.

 

[scottrus71]

Probably should have posted this too.

Code:

########## SMART status report for da10 drive (Western Digital Red: 1EH51N8Z) ##########

SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x000b   100   100   016    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  2 Throughput_Performance  0x0004   130   130   054    Old_age   Offline      -       108
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0007   152   152   024    Pre-fail  Always       -       427 (Average 439)
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       35
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   100   100   005    Pre-fail  Always       -       1
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x000a   100   100   067    Old_age   Always       -       0
  8 Seek_Time_Performance   0x0004   128   128   020    Old_age   Offline      -       18
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0012   096   096   000    Old_age   Always       -       33401
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0012   100   100   060    Old_age   Always       -       0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       35
 22 Helium_Level            0x0023   100   100   025    Pre-fail  Always       -       100
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   098   098   000    Old_age   Always       -       3243
193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0012   098   098   000    Old_age   Always       -       3243
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0002   171   171   000    Old_age   Always       -       38 (Min/Max 15/51)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       1
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0022   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0008   100   100   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x000a   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0

No Errors Logged

Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33378         -

 

[scottrus71]

Thanks @

...but I wouldn't be comfortable taking it this far. If pending/offline/reallocated sectors start rising rapidly, I'd be replacing it. If it starts failing SMART self-tests, I'd be replacing it. I wouldn't wait for a hard failure if I had clear warning signs in advance, particularly if I didn't have a burned-in cold spare on the shelf ready to swap in. Keep in mind that to get and test a suitable replacement drive could easily take a week or more, and during that time your pool's redundancy is degraded.

Not saying anything I don't know already

I did decided to order a replacement drive today just to have it ready. Yes, I need to run some fresh SMART tests to see what's up with it.

 

[joeschmuck]

Diagnosis: You have a drive which had a single reallocation event, that in itself is not a big deal but it does need to be noted and monitored.

Problem: You have not run a SMART Long Test based on the data posted. I very highly recommend you run a SMART long test immediately. And you did not post all of the SMART output which leaves some of us without enough data. I know you thought you were posting enough but... I would have liked all the data from a smartctl -x /dev/da10 output. Not a big deal this time.

How to monitor for future changes using Multi-Report (what I see you are using).
Run multi_report using the '-config' parameter. Select A) Advanced configuration -> K) Drive errors and custom builds -> when you get to Automatic Drive Compensation select 'y'. This will scan all your drives and let you know what it will offset. Press 'Return/Enter' until you are returned to the previous screen. Next press W) Write Configuration File. When you run the script normally the two concerning values will look okay again (not in alarm state) but will show you the actual offset and then a value of zero. If you have another bad sector issue, it will alert you.

Now I recommend you run the SMART Long test before adjusting multi_report just in case if fails to complete the test or maybe 1 or 2 more sectors are relocated, or maybe 20.

If the drive is under warranty, this is grounds to RMA the drive and I would pursue an Advance RMA.

Personal preference time: If I have more than 5 reallocated sectors then I will look for a replacement drive. This just me and I'm not pushing this value on anyone, but your drive must still pass a SMART Long test. If it fails then the drive has failed. My script alarms at a single error so that we can notify the user. You can also change this value to 5 (any value) if you desire, for all of the drives of just for this one drive. It's all in the configuration setup. I am working on a more intuitive version of the configuration, I will admit it's not very user friendly. Advanced options K and S are the big customizing options.

Hope this helps.

 

[scottrus71]

How to monitor for future changes using Multi-Report (what I see you are using).

I'm using https://github.com/dak180/FreeNAS-Report, which is different than I think Multi-Report? Link to where I can find Multi-Report so I may understand the differences?

Now I recommend you run the SMART Long test before adjusting multi_report just in case if fails to complete the test or maybe 1 or 2 more sectors are relocated, or maybe 20.

Long check completed, and errors did not increment. Drive is not under warranty but I've ordered a spare drive to keep on hand. I'm not going to preemptively replace this one based on what I'm seeing. Thanks for the recommendations!

Code:

root@truenas[~]# smartctl -x /dev/da10
smartctl 7.2 2021-09-14 r5236 [FreeBSD 13.1-RELEASE-p7 amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Western Digital Red
Device Model:     WDC WD100EFAX-68LHPN0
Serial Number:    1EH51N8Z
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 27ed06391
Firmware Version: 83.H0A83
User Capacity:    10,000,831,348,736 bytes [10.0 TB]
Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
Form Factor:      3.5 inches
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   ACS-2, ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Wed Sep 27 11:42:10 2023 EDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
AAM feature is:   Unavailable
APM feature is:   Disabled
Rd look-ahead is: Enabled
Write cache is:   Enabled
DSN feature is:   Unavailable
ATA Security is:  Disabled, NOT FROZEN [SEC1]
Wt Cache Reorder: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x82) Offline data collection activity
                                        was completed without error.
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
                                        without error or no self-test has ever
                                        been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection:                (   93) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:                    (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                                        Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                                        Suspend Offline collection upon new
                                        command.
                                        Offline surface scan supported.
                                        Self-test supported.
                                        No Conveyance Self-test supported.
                                        Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                                        power-saving mode.
                                        Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                                        General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (1297) minutes.
SCT capabilities:              (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
                                        SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
                                        SCT Feature Control supported.
                                        SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAGS    VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     PO-R--   100   100   016    -    0
  2 Throughput_Performance  --S---   130   130   054    -    108
  3 Spin_Up_Time            POS---   152   152   024    -    427 (Average 439)
  4 Start_Stop_Count        -O--C-   100   100   000    -    35
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   PO--CK   100   100   005    -    1
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         -O-R--   100   100   067    -    0
  8 Seek_Time_Performance   --S---   128   128   020    -    18
  9 Power_On_Hours          -O--C-   096   096   000    -    33461
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        -O--C-   100   100   060    -    0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       -O--CK   100   100   000    -    35
 22 Helium_Level            PO---K   100   100   025    -    100
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK   098   098   000    -    3245
193 Load_Cycle_Count        -O--C-   098   098   000    -    3245
194 Temperature_Celsius     -O----   166   166   000    -    39 (Min/Max 15/51)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK   100   100   000    -    1
197 Current_Pending_Sector  -O---K   100   100   000    -    0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   ---R--   100   100   000    -    0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    -O-R--   200   200   000    -    0
                            ||||||_ K auto-keep
                            |||||__ C event count
                            ||||___ R error rate
                            |||____ S speed/performance
                            ||_____ O updated online
                            |______ P prefailure warning

General Purpose Log Directory Version 1
SMART           Log Directory Version 1 [multi-sector log support]
Address    Access  R/W   Size  Description
0x00       GPL,SL  R/O      1  Log Directory
0x01           SL  R/O      1  Summary SMART error log
0x02           SL  R/O      1  Comprehensive SMART error log
0x03       GPL     R/O      1  Ext. Comprehensive SMART error log
0x04       GPL     R/O    256  Device Statistics log
0x04       SL      R/O    255  Device Statistics log
0x06           SL  R/O      1  SMART self-test log
0x07       GPL     R/O      1  Extended self-test log
0x08       GPL     R/O      2  Power Conditions log
0x09           SL  R/W      1  Selective self-test log
0x0c       GPL     R/O   5501  Pending Defects log
0x10       GPL     R/O      1  NCQ Command Error log
0x11       GPL     R/O      1  SATA Phy Event Counters log
0x12       GPL     R/O      1  SATA NCQ Non-Data log
0x13       GPL     R/O      1  SATA NCQ Send and Receive log
0x15       GPL     R/W      1  Rebuild Assist log
0x21       GPL     R/O      1  Write stream error log
0x22       GPL     R/O      1  Read stream error log
0x24       GPL     R/O    256  Current Device Internal Status Data log
0x25       GPL     R/O    256  Saved Device Internal Status Data log
0x30       GPL,SL  R/O      9  IDENTIFY DEVICE data log
0x80-0x9f  GPL,SL  R/W     16  Host vendor specific log
0xe0       GPL,SL  R/W      1  SCT Command/Status
0xe1       GPL,SL  R/W      1  SCT Data Transfer

SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log Version: 1 (1 sectors)
No Errors Logged

SMART Extended Self-test Log Version: 1 (1 sectors)
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Extended offline    Completed without error       00%     33457         -
# 2  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33426         -
# 3  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33402         -
# 4  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33378         -
# 5  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33354         -
# 6  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33330         -
# 7  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33306         -
# 8  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33282         -
# 9  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33258         -
#10  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33234         -
#11  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33210         -
#12  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33186         -
#13  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     33162         -

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

SCT Status Version:                  3
SCT Version (vendor specific):       256 (0x0100)
Device State:                        Active (0)
Current Temperature:                    39 Celsius
Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature:     21/43 Celsius
Lifetime    Min/Max Temperature:     15/51 Celsius
Under/Over Temperature Limit Count:   0/0

SCT Temperature History Version:     2
Temperature Sampling Period:         1 minute
Temperature Logging Interval:        1 minute
Min/Max recommended Temperature:      0/65 Celsius
Min/Max Temperature Limit:           -40/70 Celsius
Temperature History Size (Index):    128 (24)

Index    Estimated Time   Temperature Celsius
  25    2023-09-27 09:35    38  *******************
 ...    ..( 61 skipped).    ..  *******************
  87    2023-09-27 10:37    38  *******************
  88    2023-09-27 10:38    39  ********************
 ...    ..(  7 skipped).    ..  ********************
  96    2023-09-27 10:46    39  ********************
  97    2023-09-27 10:47    38  *******************
 ...    ..(  4 skipped).    ..  *******************
 102    2023-09-27 10:52    38  *******************
 103    2023-09-27 10:53    39  ********************
 ...    ..( 27 skipped).    ..  ********************
   3    2023-09-27 11:21    39  ********************
   4    2023-09-27 11:22    38  *******************
   5    2023-09-27 11:23    39  ********************
 ...    ..( 17 skipped).    ..  ********************
  23    2023-09-27 11:41    39  ********************
  24    2023-09-27 11:42    38  *******************

SCT Error Recovery Control:
           Read:     70 (7.0 seconds)
          Write:     70 (7.0 seconds)

Device Statistics (GP Log 0x04)
Page  Offset Size        Value Flags Description
0x01  =====  =               =  ===  == General Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x01  0x008  4              35  ---  Lifetime Power-On Resets
0x01  0x010  4           33461  ---  Power-on Hours
0x01  0x018  6     84915558170  ---  Logical Sectors Written
0x01  0x020  6       235801190  ---  Number of Write Commands
0x01  0x028  6   4125386448119  ---  Logical Sectors Read
0x01  0x030  6      8280821530  ---  Number of Read Commands
0x01  0x038  6    120461736650  ---  Date and Time TimeStamp
0x03  =====  =               =  ===  == Rotating Media Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x03  0x008  4           32466  ---  Spindle Motor Power-on Hours
0x03  0x010  4           32466  ---  Head Flying Hours
0x03  0x018  4            3245  ---  Head Load Events
0x03  0x020  4               1  ---  Number of Reallocated Logical Sectors
0x03  0x028  4              88  ---  Read Recovery Attempts
0x03  0x030  4               0  ---  Number of Mechanical Start Failures
0x04  =====  =               =  ===  == General Errors Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x04  0x008  4               0  ---  Number of Reported Uncorrectable Errors
0x04  0x010  4               0  ---  Resets Between Cmd Acceptance and Completion
0x05  =====  =               =  ===  == Temperature Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x05  0x008  1              39  ---  Current Temperature
0x05  0x010  1              37  N--  Average Short Term Temperature
0x05  0x018  1              39  N--  Average Long Term Temperature
0x05  0x020  1              51  ---  Highest Temperature
0x05  0x028  1              15  ---  Lowest Temperature
0x05  0x030  1              48  N--  Highest Average Short Term Temperature
0x05  0x038  1              25  N--  Lowest Average Short Term Temperature
0x05  0x040  1              46  N--  Highest Average Long Term Temperature
0x05  0x048  1              25  N--  Lowest Average Long Term Temperature
0x05  0x050  4               0  ---  Time in Over-Temperature
0x05  0x058  1              65  ---  Specified Maximum Operating Temperature
0x05  0x060  4               0  ---  Time in Under-Temperature
0x05  0x068  1               0  ---  Specified Minimum Operating Temperature
0x06  =====  =               =  ===  == Transport Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x06  0x008  4               9  ---  Number of Hardware Resets
0x06  0x010  4               0  ---  Number of ASR Events
0x06  0x018  4               0  ---  Number of Interface CRC Errors
0xff  =====  =               =  ===  == Vendor Specific Statistics (rev 1) ==
                                |||_ C monitored condition met
                                ||__ D supports DSN
                                |___ N normalized value

Pending Defects log (GP Log 0x0c)
No Defects Logged

SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11)
ID      Size     Value  Description
0x0001  2            0  Command failed due to ICRC error
0x0002  2            0  R_ERR response for data FIS
0x0003  2            0  R_ERR response for device-to-host data FIS
0x0004  2            0  R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS
0x0005  2            0  R_ERR response for non-data FIS
0x0006  2            0  R_ERR response for device-to-host non-data FIS
0x0007  2            0  R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS
0x0008  2            0  Device-to-host non-data FIS retries
0x0009  2            6  Transition from drive PhyRdy to drive PhyNRdy
0x000a  2            7  Device-to-host register FISes sent due to a COMRESET
0x000b  2            0  CRC errors within host-to-device FIS
0x000d  2            0  Non-CRC errors within host-to-device FIS

 

[joeschmuck]

I'm using https://github.com/dak180/FreeNAS-Report, which is different than I think Multi-Report? Link to where I can find Multi-Report so I may understand the differences?

Yes, there are portions of my code in the FreeNAS-Report script which is why it looks so similar to Multi-Report. There are some differences under the hood but overall function is the same as Multi-Report, however Multi-Report can be heavily customized. I'm working on a new tool to make the customization easier, but that is at least a month away as my day job interferes with writing code. But they ultimately do the same thing and if you are fine using FreeNAS-Report, you should continue to use it. @dak180 has done a very good job on this script, keeping it up to date, and I even took some pointers from his code as well. The hope is that one day, TrueNAS will implement enough of these features so we no longer need these scripts.

The testing results are very good for your hard drive, I'm glad it passed the long test. I would not recommend replacing your drive based on the single reallocated sector. If you start getting more, that is your queue to replace the drive.

In order to clear your alarm condition, I would recommend that you edit the script but it looks like the script has no easy adjustment for reallocated sectors or sectors warning value, or I'm missing it. I would recommend sending @dak180 a message and ask him how you can compensate for this issue and increase the Warning value so the alarm is cleared.

Best of luck to you.

 

[dak180]

In order to clear your alarm condition, I would recommend that you edit the script but it looks like the script has no easy adjustment for reallocated sectors or sectors warning value, or I'm missing it. I would recommend sending @dak180 a message and ask him how you can compensate for this issue and increase the Warning value so the alarm is cleared.

As per the config file:

##### Drive Overrides
# In the form: declare -A _<serial>
# And then for each override: _<serial>[<value>]="<adjustment>"
# Replace any non ascii alphanumeric characters with _ in the serial.

So for you that would be:

Code:

declare -A _1EH51N8Z
_1EH51N8Z[reAlloc]="-1"

which would go at the end of your config file.

 

[scottrus71]

Thanks!

 

[scottrus71]

Had to also clear the event error for da10. So final addition to the report.cfg to ignore the current Realloc* errors:

declare -A _1EH51N8Z
_1EH51N8Z[reAllocEvent]="-1"
_1EH51N8Z[reAlloc]="-1"