Device: /dev/ciss0 [cciss_disk_00] [SAT] error

titanve

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Sep 12, 2018
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Hello everyone!

I'm getting an email from my FreeNAS with this:
New alerts:
* Device: /dev/ciss0 [cciss_disk_00] [SAT], Self-Test Log error count increased from 2 to 3

Current alerts:
* Device: /dev/ciss0 [cciss_disk_00] [SAT], Failed SMART usage Attribute: 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct.
* Device: /dev/ciss0 [cciss_disk_00] [SAT], Self-Test Log error count increased from 2 to 3

What does that mean?

Thank you in advance
 

HoneyBadger

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Please post the full output of smartctl -a /dev/ciss0 so we can see the value for Reallocated_Sector_Ct and other SMART values - but generally speaking the rapid increase of this attribute is one of the primary indicators of a failed or failing drive.

It also means you might be using a RAID card instead of an HBA since the ciss driver is delivering your devices. Is this an HP P-series RAID card in passthrough/JBOD mode?
 

titanve

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Messages
52
Hello HoneyBadger,

Thanks for your help!

This is the output:
Code:
[root@freenas ~]# smartctl -a /dev/ciss0
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [FreeBSD 11.2-STABLE amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

/dev/ciss0: Unable to detect device type
Please specify device type with the -d option.

Use smartctl -h to get a usage summary

[root@freenas ~]#


We have a HP SmartArray P410, but I don't know how to check the passthrough/JBOD mode, how do I check it?

Thanks!


Please post the full output of smartctl -a /dev/ciss0 so we can see the value for Reallocated_Sector_Ct and other SMART values - but generally speaking the rapid increase of this attribute is one of the primary indicators of a failed or failing drive.

It also means you might be using a RAID card instead of an HBA since the ciss driver is delivering your devices. Is this an HP P-series RAID card in passthrough/JBOD mode?
 

titanve

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Messages
52
We have a HP ML350 G6 Server

Please post the full output of smartctl -a /dev/ciss0 so we can see the value for Reallocated_Sector_Ct and other SMART values - but generally speaking the rapid increase of this attribute is one of the primary indicators of a failed or failing drive.

It also means you might be using a RAID card instead of an HBA since the ciss driver is delivering your devices. Is this an HP P-series RAID card in passthrough/JBOD mode?
 

jgreco

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Yeah, the CISS driver and/or the RAID card is a total train wreck. Do not use such a configuration if you want survivability.
 

HoneyBadger

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We have a HP SmartArray P410, but I don't know how to check the passthrough/JBOD mode, how do I check it?

The P410 has no passthrough functionality, therefore you're operating ZFS on top of RAID which is a major no-no for a stable and well-supported configuration.

Depending on your RAID configuration (single RAID0 drives vs. a RAID volume) you may need to poll your RAID card's controller to determine if there is an underlying hardware fault, but it seems like somehow a SMART alert has carried through to where FreeNAS can see it and alert you.

Ultimately the resolution to this will be backing up your pool, installing an HBA (not a RAID card) and recreating the pool.
 

titanve

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Hello,

What is HBA??

Can I just use my plain HDDs (we have 8 in the server) and let ZFS to do the RAID?

Thanks!

The P410 has no passthrough functionality, therefore you're operating ZFS on top of RAID which is a major no-no for a stable and well-supported configuration.

Depending on your RAID configuration (single RAID0 drives vs. a RAID volume) you may need to poll your RAID card's controller to determine if there is an underlying hardware fault, but it seems like somehow a SMART alert has carried through to where FreeNAS can see it and alert you.

Ultimately the resolution to this will be backing up your pool, installing an HBA (not a RAID card) and recreating the pool.
 

HoneyBadger

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Hello,

What is HBA??

Can I just use my plain HDDs (we have 8 in the server) and let ZFS to do the RAID?

Thanks!

HBA stands for Host Bus Adapter - it's a method of connecting more drives to your computer without adding any additional RAID logic in the middle.

Letting ZFS do the "RAID" work is exactly what should be done; however, if you presently have a RAID volume, there is no way to migrate the drives with their data intact into a ZFS-managed solution. You will need to:

1. Purchase a supported HBA, and ensure that it is flashed with a compatible LSI IT (Initiator/Target) mode firmware; some eBay sellers (such as theartofserver) will sell them pre-flashed and pre-tested. Suggested models are the Dell H200/H310, IBM M1015, or HP H220.
2. Back up all of your data from your existing ZFS-on-RAID pool to external source(s) and validate its integrity.
3. Export your current pool, optionally wiping the disks.
4. Shut down your system, install the HBA, and physically connect your hotswap bays to the HBA instead of the RAID card.
5. Boot back into FreeNAS and create a new pool on top of the independent drives.
6. Restore your data from the backup you created in step 2.
 

titanve

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Messages
52
Can I do that just using NO RAID with my current SmartArray card?

I mean, deleting the present RAID config and just letting FreeNAS to "see" all the HDDs

Thanks


HBA stands for Host Bus Adapter - it's a method of connecting more drives to your computer without adding any additional RAID logic in the middle.

Letting ZFS do the "RAID" work is exactly what should be done; however, if you presently have a RAID volume, there is no way to migrate the drives with their data intact into a ZFS-managed solution. You will need to:

1. Purchase a supported HBA, and ensure that it is flashed with a compatible LSI IT (Initiator/Target) mode firmware; some eBay sellers (such as theartofserver) will sell them pre-flashed and pre-tested. Suggested models are the Dell H200/H310, IBM M1015, or HP H220.
2. Back up all of your data from your existing ZFS-on-RAID pool to external source(s) and validate its integrity.
3. Export your current pool, optionally wiping the disks.
4. Shut down your system, install the HBA, and physically connect your hotswap bays to the HBA instead of the RAID card.
5. Boot back into FreeNAS and create a new pool on top of the independent drives.
6. Restore your data from the backup you created in step 2.
 

HoneyBadger

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Can I do that just using NO RAID with my current SmartArray card?

I mean, deleting the present RAID config and just letting FreeNAS to "see" all the HDDs

Thanks

No, unless something has changed since I last used one, the SmartArray P410 does not pass unconfigured drives through to the OS in a manner that can be used by FreeNAS.
 

titanve

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Messages
52
Ok,

Thank you very much

No, unless something has changed since I last used one, the SmartArray P410 does not pass unconfigured drives through to the OS in a manner that can be used by FreeNAS.
 

jgreco

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Can I do that just using NO RAID with my current SmartArray card?

No, you can't. And that card is anything but "Smart." I have a small pile of them somewhere, and if I ever take up skeet shooting, they're on my shortlist of fodder.

The real problem here isn't whether or not you can pass unconfigured drives through to the OS. It's that the interactions between the driver, the RAID controller, and the disks are crap. You can absolutely get it to pass drives through, but you will still be subject to random controller issues if and when you run into disk problems. These festering PoS used to cause servers here to randomly pause and occasionally drop drives if there were problems with the underlying disk, because I used them in a non-RAID mode. The damn things are designed to assume you ARE running RAID and that they can just switch drives to pick up the data from redundancy. This is ZFS-unfriendly. Plus even that doesn't work quite right on FreeBSD.
 

titanve

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Messages
52
Ok, thanks for your help jgreco

No, you can't. And that card is anything but "Smart." I have a small pile of them somewhere, and if I ever take up skeet shooting, they're on my shortlist of fodder.

The real problem here isn't whether or not you can pass unconfigured drives through to the OS. It's that the interactions between the driver, the RAID controller, and the disks are crap. You can absolutely get it to pass drives through, but you will still be subject to random controller issues if and when you run into disk problems. These festering PoS used to cause servers here to randomly pause and occasionally drop drives if there were problems with the underlying disk, because I used them in a non-RAID mode. The damn things are designed to assume you ARE running RAID and that they can just switch drives to pick up the data from redundancy. This is ZFS-unfriendly. Plus even that doesn't work quite right on FreeBSD.
 

titanve

Explorer
Joined
Sep 12, 2018
Messages
52
Hello!

Can I "do something" in order to clear those alerts?

Thanks!

HBA stands for Host Bus Adapter - it's a method of connecting more drives to your computer without adding any additional RAID logic in the middle.

Letting ZFS do the "RAID" work is exactly what should be done; however, if you presently have a RAID volume, there is no way to migrate the drives with their data intact into a ZFS-managed solution. You will need to:

1. Purchase a supported HBA, and ensure that it is flashed with a compatible LSI IT (Initiator/Target) mode firmware; some eBay sellers (such as theartofserver) will sell them pre-flashed and pre-tested. Suggested models are the Dell H200/H310, IBM M1015, or HP H220.
2. Back up all of your data from your existing ZFS-on-RAID pool to external source(s) and validate its integrity.
3. Export your current pool, optionally wiping the disks.
4. Shut down your system, install the HBA, and physically connect your hotswap bays to the HBA instead of the RAID card.
5. Boot back into FreeNAS and create a new pool on top of the independent drives.
6. Restore your data from the backup you created in step 2.
 

HoneyBadger

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Hello!

Can I "do something" in order to clear those alerts?

Thanks!
The alerts are a symptom - you need to correct the underlying problem.

Please try smartctl -d cciss,0 -a /dev/ciss0 to see if this will give actual results of the drive.
 

titanve

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Messages
52
HDD1 has a red blinking light =(

Could it mean an error because of the P410 <-> ZFS or that the hard drive has problems?

Thanks

The alerts are a symptom - you need to correct the underlying problem.

Please try smartctl -d cciss,0 -a /dev/ciss0 to see if this will give actual results of the drive.
 
Last edited:

HoneyBadger

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HDD1 has a red blinking light =(

Could it mean a error because of the P410 <-> ZFS or that the hard drive has problems?

Thanks

That specific error is indicating that the drive has failed. You will need to replace it.

Before you do, please post output of zpool status - if you have made a single RAID0 for each disk you may not be able to transparently replace the drive in FreeNAS.

Even if this is resolved you should still migrate to a proper HBA solution.
 

titanve

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Messages
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Results:

Code:
[root@freenas ~]# smartctl -d cciss,0 -a /dev/ciss0
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [FreeBSD 11.2-STABLE amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model:     MB2000EAMZF
Serial Number:    9WM1MBQH
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 02717392b
Firmware Version: HPG5
User Capacity:    2,000,398,934,016 bytes [2.00 TB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate:    7200 rpm
Form Factor:      3.5 inches
Device is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is:   ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6
SATA Version is:  SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s
Local Time is:    Wed Apr 10 09:54:57 2019 -05
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Status not supported: Incomplete response, ATA output registers missing
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!
Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.
Warning: This result is based on an Attribute check.
See vendor-specific Attribute list for failed Attributes.

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x82) Offline data collection activity
                                        was completed without error.
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
                                        without error or no self-test has ever
                                        been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection:                (  609) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:                    (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                                        Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                                        Suspend Offline collection upon new
                                        command.
                                        Offline surface scan supported.
                                        Self-test supported.
                                        Conveyance Self-test supported.
                                        Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                                        power-saving mode.
                                        Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                                        General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:        ( 338) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   3) minutes.
SCT capabilities:              (0x103d) SCT Status supported.
                                        SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
                                        SCT Feature Control supported.
                                        SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x000f   082   060   044    Pre-fail  Always       -       190662540
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0003   081   075   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   100   100   020    Old_age   Always       -       104
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   004   004   036    Pre-fail  Always   FAILING_NOW 3963
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x000f   064   060   030    Pre-fail  Always       -       2799695
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   035   035   000    Old_age   Always       -       57724
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0013   100   100   097    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   020    Old_age   Always       -       102
180 Unknown_HDD_Attribute   0x003b   100   100   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       267140166
184 End-to-End_Error        0x0032   100   100   003    Old_age   Always       -       0
187 Reported_Uncorrect      0x0032   076   076   000    Old_age   Always       -       24
188 Command_Timeout         0x0032   100   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       21475164167
189 High_Fly_Writes         0x003a   091   091   000    Old_age   Always       -       9
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022   072   042   045    Old_age   Always   In_the_past 28 (0 159 28 22 0)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate      0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       3
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       97
193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       1893
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   028   058   000    Old_age   Always       -       28 (0 15 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered  0x001a   044   015   000    Old_age   Always       -       190662540
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0033   004   004   036    Pre-fail  Always   FAILING_NOW 3963
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0010   100   100   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x003e   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     57666         0
# 2  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     57498         0
# 3  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     57330         0
# 4  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     57162         -
# 5  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     56996         -
# 6  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     56828         -
# 7  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     56660         -
# 8  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     56492         -
# 9  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     56324         -
#10  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     56156         -

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

[root@freenas ~]#


Code:
[root@freenas ~]# zpool status
  pool: HDDLABB
 state: ONLINE
  scan: scrub repaired 0 in 0 days 01:01:12 with 0 errors on Sun Mar 10 01:01:15
 2019
config:

        NAME                                          STATE     READ WRITE CKSUM
        HDDLABB                                       ONLINE       0     0     0
          gptid/31e18360-a6f1-11e8-91b6-0025b3adf25c  ONLINE       0     0     0

errors: No known data errors

  pool: freenas-boot
 state: ONLINE
  scan: scrub repaired 0 in 0 days 05:24:51 with 0 errors on Wed Apr  3 09:09:51
 2019
config:

        NAME        STATE     READ WRITE CKSUM
        freenas-boot  ONLINE       0     0     0
          mirror-0  ONLINE       0     0     0
            da1p2   ONLINE       0     0     0
            da2p2   ONLINE       0     0     0

errors: No known data errors
[root@freenas ~]#



That specific error is indicating that the drive has failed. You will need to replace it.

Before you do, please post output of zpool status - if you have made a single RAID0 for each disk you may not be able to transparently replace the drive in FreeNAS.

Even if this is resolved you should still migrate to a proper HBA solution.
 

HoneyBadger

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Code:
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!
Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.


These lines should speak for themselves.

Code:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   004   004   036    Pre-fail  Always   FAILING_NOW 3963
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0033   004   004   036    Pre-fail  Always   FAILING_NOW 3963


With close to 4000 reallocated sectors, this drive is well past its expiry date. Replace it now.

Code:
[root@freenas ~]# zpool status
  pool: HDDLABB
state: ONLINE
  scan: scrub repaired 0 in 0 days 01:01:12 with 0 errors on Sun Mar 10 01:01:15
2019
config:

        NAME                                          STATE     READ WRITE CKSUM
        HDDLABB                                       ONLINE       0     0     0
          gptid/31e18360-a6f1-11e8-91b6-0025b3adf25c  ONLINE       0     0     0

errors: No known data errors


Your pool configuration indicates that you have build a RAID at the controller level. Replacing the drive should be possible without further interaction from the controller or ZFS, but you may need to reboot.

Again; this is an incredibly unsupported and ill-advised configuration.
 

titanve

Explorer
Joined
Sep 12, 2018
Messages
52
Talking based on your experience, what is the "normal" life span of a hard drive? and what is good/best value hdd brand? WesternDigital? HGST? Seagate?

Thank you.


Code:
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!
Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.


These lines should speak for themselves.

Code:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   004   004   036    Pre-fail  Always   FAILING_NOW 3963
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0033   004   004   036    Pre-fail  Always   FAILING_NOW 3963


With close to 4000 reallocated sectors, this drive is well past its expiry date. Replace it now.

Code:
[root@freenas ~]# zpool status
  pool: HDDLABB
state: ONLINE
  scan: scrub repaired 0 in 0 days 01:01:12 with 0 errors on Sun Mar 10 01:01:15
2019
config:

        NAME                                          STATE     READ WRITE CKSUM
        HDDLABB                                       ONLINE       0     0     0
          gptid/31e18360-a6f1-11e8-91b6-0025b3adf25c  ONLINE       0     0     0

errors: No known data errors


Your pool configuration indicates that you have build a RAID at the controller level. Replacing the drive should be possible without further interaction from the controller or ZFS, but you may need to reboot.

Again; this is an incredibly unsupported and ill-advised configuration.
 
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