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/etc/hosts IP Persistence

  2 minute read.

Last Modified 2023-11-30 10:15 EST

Description

Domain Name resolution is the process of mapping host or domain names, such as mytruenas or truenas1.mycompany.com, to their associated IP addresses. This is done by a variety of methods. The quickest method is to read entries in the hosts file, which is a local text file containing a list of IP addresses mapped to domain/host names. Every operating system (OS) that communicates through the TCP/IP protocol has a hosts file.

The hosts file can speed up name resolution when a DNS server is not available on the local network. A DNS server runs networking software that allows it to join the Domain Name System. This is the standard service used on the Internet for name resolution. When adding entries to a TrueNAS system hosts file, use the TrueNAS web interface to save the entries directly to the configuration database. Do not edit the hosts file directly, as any changes are overwritten by the configuration database during reboot.

Errors

I’m trying to use NFS, SSH, and FTP, but I keep receiving reverse DNS or timeout errors.

The fastest domain name resolution method is for the operating system to read the hosts file, but if there are no matching entries in the hosts file, a DNS server is queried instead. This is a slower process as the OS has to find the DNS server, send it a query, and wait for an answer. Timeout errors are common for some network protocols, such as SSH, FTP and NFS, as their connection requests can time out before a DNS server replies. To speed up name resolution, add entries for commonly used hosts to the hosts file.

Fix

To add an entry to the hosts file, use a browser to log in to your TrueNAS web interface and follow these steps:

  1. Go to Network > Global Configuration.
  2. Scroll down to the Host name database field and add an entry for the TrueNAS system in the format IP_address space hostname.
  3. Click Save.

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